OSI Model | Open Systems Interconnection Model

  1. All (Application Layer) 
  2. People (Presentation Layer) 
  3. Seem (Session Layer) 
  4. To (Transport Layer) 
  5. Need (Network Layer) 
  6. Data (Data Link Layer) 
  7. Processing (Physical Layer)


Additional References

Switch: 
  1. Facilitate network communication within local network. 
  2. Connect devices (Computer, printer, application server etc). 
  3. Maintain a table to MAC address and Port
  4. Work with Data link layer
Router:
  1. Work with network layer
  2. Connect two networks or (connect network to internet)
  3. Maintain logical address
  4. Assign private IP address to the devices of local network
  5. Maintain pool o private IP address
  6. Router use Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) to automatically provides an Internet Protocol (IP) host with its IP address and other related configuration information such as the subnet mask and default gateway.
  7. Public IP of router is used to connect to the internet and private IP of router is used to communicate to inside local network
  8. All computers in private network are represented outside network by public IP of router
  9. Public IP of router is assigned by internet service provider (ISP)
  10. When router see that the request is not for internal resource then it sent the request to firewall. Firewall then send to request to outside network using public IP address of the network group (router) and return response to internal computer using private IP address
IPv4 and IPv6 
  1. The main difference between IPv4 and IPv6 is the address size of IP addresses. 
  2. The IPv4 is a 32-bit address, whereas IPv6 is a 128-bit hexadecimal address. 
  3. IPv6 provides a large address space, and it contains a simple header as compared to IPv4.

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